Massachusetts General Laws Part I. Administration of the Government (Ch. 1-182) Ch. 111D, § 8A

No person or company shall knowingly refer, request, order or send any specimen derived from the human body for examination to a clinical laboratory in which the person or company, or any of its owners, directors, partners, employees or family members thereof have a direct or indirect ownership interest. This section shall not apply to: (i) a clinical laboratory owned by a licensed physician or group of licensed physicians and used exclusively in connection with the diagnosis and treatment of the physician's or group of physicians' own patients and where all testing is performed by or under the direct supervision of said physician or group of physicians; (ii) a hospital or clinic licensed under section 51 of chapter 111 used exclusively in connection with the diagnosis or treatment of the hospital's or clinic's own patients; or (iii) any case exempted under subsections (b) to (d), inclusive, of 42 U.S.C. section 1395nn or specifically permitted by regulations or rules of the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, the federal Centers for Medicare or Medicaid Services, the executive office of health and human services or the executive office for administration and finance.