California Code, Insurance Code - INS § 1943

(a) When caused by circumstances over which neither the master nor the owner of the ship has any control.

(b) When necessary to comply with a warranty, or to avoid a peril, whether or not the peril is insured against.

(c) When made in good faith and upon reasonable grounds of belief in its necessity to avoid a peril.

(d) When made in good faith, for the purpose of saving human life or relieving another vessel in distress.