California Code, Health and Safety Code - HSC § 43202.5

(a) For purposes of this section, “real-world conditions emissions testing” includes both new and used motor vehicles being driven on-road, outside of normal laboratory testing conditions.

(b) The state board shall enhance its certification, audit, and compliance activities for new motor vehicles to detect defeat devices or other software used to evade emissions testing. Those certification, audit, and compliance activities shall include, but need not be limited to, the increased utilization of in-use and real-world conditions emissions testing.

(c) To further the objectives of subdivision (b), the state board may consult or partner with academic institutions and their associated laboratories to do any of the following: