California Code, Harbors and Navigation Code - HNC § 1127

(a) The Legislature finds and declares that it is the policy of the state to ensure the safety of persons, property, and vessels using the waters of Monterey Bay and the Bays of San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun and to avoid damage to those waters and surrounding ecosystems as a result of vessel collision or damage by providing competent, efficient, and regulated pilotage for vessels required by this division to secure pilotage services.

(b) This section does not supersede, modify, or otherwise alter pilot practices that are not safety related, including, but not limited to, the determination of rates charged for pilot services or employer-employee relationships for individuals, agencies, or organizations involved in providing pilotage services between any port of Monterey Bay and the Bays of San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun and any other port of the United States that is in existence on December 31, 1995, or otherwise abridge the authority of local port or harbor districts relating to pilotage in effect on December 31, 1995.

(c) The board shall regulate pilotage on waters of the state as provided in this division.

(d) A vessel sailing under a coastwise license or appropriately endorsed registry and engaged in the coasting trade between a port of Monterey Bay and the Bays of San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun and another port of the United States is exempt from all pilotage charges unless a pilot is actually employed.  A foreign vessel and a vessel bound between a foreign port and a port of Monterey Bay and the Bays of San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun, and a vessel sailing under a register between a port of Monterey Bay and the Bays of San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun and another port of the United States, shall use a pilot holding a license issued pursuant to this division, except as otherwise provided by law.

(e) Subdivision (d) does not apply to a vessel that is less than 750 gross tons and is manufactured and used for private recreation.